The Burden of High Costs

From the moment a student steps off a matatu in Chuka town, the economic burden is clear. The cost of living around Ndagani has risen sharply in recent years, with rent for modest hostels shooting from KSh 3,000 to as high as KSh 8,000 per month. Jane Mwende, a third-year Education student, shares, “Some of us have to share tiny rooms or move further away from campus just to afford rent. It’s exhausting walking long distances every day.”

Water Scarcity Woes

Water, a basic necessity, is another major challenge. During the dry seasons, taps around Ndagani often run dry for weeks. Students are forced to trek for kilometers to fetch water from unreliable sources, risking both their health and safety. “We have to choose between attending classes or queuing for water early in the morning,” says Brian Mutuma, a first-year student.

Insecurity at Night

As night falls, fear grips many students living in isolated areas of Ndagani. Cases of mugging and burglary have risen sharply, particularly around less populated hostels. “You can’t walk alone after 7 PM without risking being robbed," says Sheila Wanja, a fourth-year student. Although local authorities have made efforts to deploy more patrols, students feel that much still needs to be done to guarantee their safety.

Limited Internet and Power Outages

In an increasingly digital world, reliable internet access is no longer a luxury — it's essential. Yet, many students complain of poor connectivity, which hampers their ability to conduct research and submit assignments. Coupled with frequent electricity blackouts, particularly during the rainy season, academic work becomes a constant battle against time.

Mental Health Challenges

The pressures of financial strain, academic expectations, and poor living conditions have taken a toll on students' mental health. Few can afford professional counseling, and stigma around mental health remains high. “Sometimes you feel overwhelmed but you don't know where to turn,” confides Peter Njeru, a second-year Computer Science student.

Calls for Action

Students are now calling for urgent interventions. Many suggest that the university should partner with local landlords to regulate rent, improve water supply infrastructure, enhance security patrols, and establish accessible counseling centres. “We love our university,” says Mwende passionately, “but we need a better environment to thrive, not just survive.”

As Chuka University continues to shine academically, it is clear that addressing these silent struggles will be key in unlocking the full potential of its vibrant student body. After all, education is not only about what happens in the lecture halls — it is also about the quality of life beyond them.

According to a report by TVC News, the agreement seeks to eliminate trade barriers and enhance development collaboration. This upgrade in diplomatic ties signals a major step forward for Kenya’s international strategy, with potential benefits for both the economy and the average citizen.

One of the biggest takeaways from the visit is the opening of Chinese markets to Kenyan goods. The government has encouraged local businesses to explore these new avenues. As reported by The Standard, exports like fresh produce, textiles, and leather products could thrive under the improved trade framework.

“This new chapter offers immense opportunities, especially in technology and trade,” said James Macharia, a Nairobi-based economist. “But we must ensure Kenya retains decision-making power in these agreements.”

At Nairobi’s bustling Wakulima Market, trader Beatrice Muthoni shared her hopes: “If we can sell more avocados and mangoes directly to China, it will boost our income. But we need support in logistics and packaging to meet global standards.”

Despite the excitement, not everyone is convinced. Kiharu MP Ndindi Nyoro has raised concerns over Kenya’s rising external debt, criticizing the government’s growing dependence on foreign loans. “We must tap into our own resources and reduce external borrowing,” he told Citizen Digital. His remarks underscore the growing worry among many Kenyans who fear that deepening ties with global powers could compromise the country’s sovereignty.

As Kenya steps into this renewed relationship with China, the stakes are high. While the promise of investment and trade is alluring, the long-term success of the partnership will depend on Kenya’s ability to strike a balance between cooperation and caution.

Speaking during the event, KALRO Embu Centre Director Bernard Rono noted that many farmers in the region continue to apply fertilizer blindly, without understanding their soil needs a practice that has led to disappointing harvests.

“We want to equip farmers with modern, smart agricultural practices through regular training. Soil testing is the starting point if we want to boost both food security and incomes,” said Rono.

He added that KALRO has rolled out a comprehensive plan to continuously engage and train farmers across the region, helping them shift from traditional methods to more efficient and sustainable farming techniques.

Jackline Mutende, a director in the Embu County Department of Agriculture, echoed Rono’s sentiments. She lamented that the uptake of modern technology in farming has been low among Embu farmers, but expressed optimism that such training programs would turn the tide.

“There's a clear link between technology and productivity. By empowering our farmers with the right knowledge, we can unlock the full potential of agriculture in Embu,” she said.

Farmers who participated in the training welcomed the initiative, describing it as eye-opening.

John Njue said they have been applying fertilizer without really understanding what our their soils  need saying this has affected their production.

Morris Mugambi, another farmer, emphasized the need for such trainings to be held frequently terming it a game changer. "I urge fellow farmers to take them seriously and implement what we learn.”he said.

Meanwhile, Fabian Munene, a youthful farmer, encouraged more young people to venture into agriculture, saying modern farming is both rewarding and fulfilling.

He said with the right knowledge and support, agriculture is not just a job but a profitable business saying farming is not for old people but all.

Over 1,500 farmers participated in the training.

Female goat/muoma

Large-8000-10000

Medium-8000

Small-3500

Cattle: 50000-87000

Donkey:6000-14000

Sheep

Ndume-7000-7500

Mwati-4000-4500

Reasons for changes in prices 

*School fees 

*No food reserves at households 

Gainers: buyers, brokers

Losers:sellers

Dated: April 17, 2025

Speaking during the launch, the Chairman and Managing Director of Madison Group, Samuel G. Ngaruiya, said the new branch will provide employment opportunities for locals and contribute to the county’s economic growth. “This is not just a business move; it's a way to give back to the community and create meaningful jobs,” he said.

Joseph Gathogo, the Head of Ordinary Life Business at Madison Group, described the Embu branch as a big step forward for the company. “This is a major milestone for us. It brings our services closer to the people and shows our commitment to serve Kenyans wherever they are,” he said.

Madison Group has been operating in Kenya since 1988, when it was formed following a merger between Crusader Plc and Kenya Commercial Insurance Corporation. Since then, it has grown to become one of the country’s leading insurance providers, offering a range of life, health, and general insurance products.

In 2018, the group restructured its operations, forming two separate companies—Madison Life Assurance Kenya Limited and Madison General Insurance Kenya Limited. This allowed each division to focus more effectively on its core business and better serve its customers.

The company has also been recognized for its outstanding performance in the industry. In 2024, 65 Madison Group agents were honored at the Association of Kenya Insurers (AKI) awards, showing the strength of its sales team and the trust clients place in the brand.

With the new Embu branch, Madison Group hopes to expand its client base in the region, particularly among small businesses, farmers, and professionals who are looking for reliable and affordable insurance solutions.

The branch will offer a full range of services, including life insurance, medical cover, general insurance, and investment products. Customers can expect personalized service and professional advice from well-trained staff.

By setting up in Embu, Madison Group is tapping into a vibrant and fast-growing market. The region has become a hub for business and agriculture, making it an ideal location for financial services expansion.

As Madison Group continues to open new branches across the country, its leadership says the focus remains on improving access to insurance, growing the local economy, and building long-term relationships with clients. The Embu branch is just one more step in that journey.

According to the East Africa Tea Trade Association (EATTA), the ban has already disrupted logistics, with more than 2,000 containers of tea worth about KSh 1.3 billion now stranded at the Port of Mombasa. Some consignments already on transit are stuck mid-route, causing panic among exporters and producers who depend on the Sudanese market.

The ban was announced by Sudan’s Ministry of Trade and Supply on March 11, 2025, citing national security concerns. It followed Kenya’s decision to host a political meeting involving Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces (RSF), an action that Khartoum deemed provocative and hostile. Sudan's government responded by halting all imports from Kenya indefinitely.

The economic consequences are already being felt. In 2024, Sudan was the 12th largest importer of Kenyan tea, purchasing 10.7 million kilograms valued at KSh 2.3 billion. That figure had already been on the decline due to internal conflict in Sudan, but the latest ban threatens to slash it to zero, putting Kenya’s tea industry in jeopardy.

In Embu County, where tea farming supports thousands of households, local leaders have spoken out. Mwenje Njeru, Chairperson of Mungania Tea Factory, warned that the ban could devastate farmers who rely almost entirely on the BP1 variety. He urged the Ministries of Agriculture and Foreign Affairs to intervene swiftly.

Moses Kamau, Chairperson of Kathangarire Tea Factory, expressed fears that this year’s tea bonuses could be cut by more than half. Last year, farmers earned KSh 50 per kilogram, but with the primary market frozen, the price could nosedive. He warned that if the crisis continues, many farmers may quit tea farming altogether.

Runyenjes Member of Parliament, Muchangi Karemba, said the government must act fast to resolve the diplomatic dispute before foreign politics wreck the livelihoods of Kenyans. He said tea farming is a cornerstone of Embu's economy, and any threat to the sector threatens the stability of the region.

Former Embu Senator Lenny Kivuti added his voice to the debate, questioning Kenya’s continued reliance on exporting raw tea. He called for urgent investment in value addition  including products like tea-based cosmetics, wellness drinks, and herbal medicine  to cushion the industry from global market shocks.

The Kenya Tea Development Agency (KTDA), which oversees small-scale tea production, is now scrambling to find alternative buyers. However, redirecting large quantities of BP1 tea to new markets is proving difficult, especially since Sudan had become a specialized consumer of that specific grade.

As the crisis unfolds, tea stakeholders are appealing to the Kenyan government for immediate diplomatic talks with Sudan. They also want a grace period to clear the already-exported tea before the losses become irrecoverable.

The Need for a New Funding Model

The current system of funding higher education primarily relies on government subsidies, student loans, and private scholarships. However, this model has significant drawbacks:

(a)Rising Student Debt: Many graduates leave university with substantial debt, limiting their financial freedom and career choices.

(b)Limited Access to Higher Education: High tuition costs can deter students from low-income backgrounds.

(c)Government Budget Constraints: Public funding for higher education is often insufficient, leading to tuition hikes.

To address these challenges, innovative funding models are being introduced to create a more accessible and sustainable system.

Emerging Funding Models

1. Income-Share Agreements (ISAs)

Income-Share Agreements (ISAs) allow students to finance their education in exchange for a fixed percentage of their future earnings for a set period. Unlike traditional loans, ISAs do not accrue interest, and payments adjust based on income. This model aligns the interests of universities and students, as institutions have a stake in graduates' success.

2. Pay-It-Forward Models

Under this approach, students receive tuition-free education in exchange for committing to contribute a small percentage of their income back to the university after graduation. Unlike ISAs, these contributions go into a pooled fund that supports future students, creating a self-sustaining system.

3. Employer-Sponsored Education

More companies are investing in workforce education through tuition reimbursement and direct funding partnerships with universities. This model allows students to gain relevant skills while reducing financial burdens, benefiting both employers and employees.

4. Crowdfunding and Community Sponsorships

Online platforms allow students to raise funds for their education through personal networks, philanthropists, or community organizations. Universities can also establish scholarship funds through alumni donations or corporate sponsorships.

5. Hybrid Models with Government and Private Sector Collaboration

A combination of government grants, private investment, and student contributions can create a balanced funding structure. For example, public-private partnerships (PPPs) can help universities maintain affordability while ensuring quality education.

Benefits of a New Funding Approach

-Reduced Student Debt: Alternative funding models minimize financial burdens after graduation.

-Increased Accessibility: More students can pursue higher education regardless of their financial background.

-Stronger University-Industry Ties: Employer-sponsored education ensures graduates acquire in-demand skills.

-Long-Term Sustainability: Pay-it-forward and hybrid models create self-sustaining funding cycles.

As the cost of higher education continues to rise, rethinking university funding is essential. New models like ISAs, employer sponsorships, and pay-it-forward systems offer promising solutions that benefit students, universities, and the broader economy. By embracing innovative funding approaches, we can make higher education more accessible, equitable, and financially sustainable for future generations.

A Hive Above the City

On a rooftop in downtown Chicago, Maya Rodriguez, a 42-year-old environmental scientist turned beekeeper, suits up in her protective gear. She carefully lifts the lid of a wooden hive, revealing thousands of buzzing honeybees working in synchronized harmony. “I never imagined I’d be keeping bees in the middle of a city,” Maya says, gently inspecting a honeycomb frame. “Most people think bees belong in the countryside, but urban spaces are actually becoming some of the safest places for them.”

Pollution, habitat loss, and pesticide use have devastated bee populations worldwide. But in cities, where pesticides are used less frequently and diverse plants flourish in parks and community gardens, bees are finding an unexpected refuge.

A Fight for Survival

Honeybees are responsible for pollinating nearly one-third of the food we eat, yet they are disappearing at alarming rates. Climate change, colony collapse disorder, and industrial agriculture have put them at risk. Urban beekeeping is emerging as one solution to help stabilize declining bee populations. “There’s a misconception that bees are aggressive,” says James Larkin, founder of the nonprofit HiveCity, which installs beehives on office buildings and educates communities on pollinator conservation. “But they’re just like us—trying to survive in a rapidly changing world.”

Through HiveCity, James has helped place over 200 hives across the city, from hotel rooftops to school gardens. “It’s more than just keeping bees,” he explains. “It’s about rethinking how we coexist with nature, even in a concrete jungle.”

Sweet Rewards

The benefits of urban beekeeping extend beyond environmental impact. Local honey production is booming, and businesses are taking notice. Restaurants and bakeries proudly use city-made honey, labeling it as “rooftop harvested” or “hyper-local.”

“The honey from urban hives has a unique flavor because it’s made from a mix of all the city’s flowers—lavender from balconies, wildflowers from parks, even basil from backyard gardens,” Maya explains.

Beyond honey, beekeeping fosters a sense of community. Neighborhood beekeeping workshops are bringing together people from all walks of life, from schoolchildren to retirees.

A Buzzing Future

Despite its successes, urban beekeeping faces challenges. Climate change continues to disrupt bee behaviors, and city regulations can sometimes make it difficult to install hives. Still, beekeepers like Maya and James remain hopeful. “As long as there are people who care, there’s hope for the bees,” Maya says, watching as the hive settles back into its rhythmic hum. “And if we save the bees, we save ourselves.”

As the sun sets over the city skyline, the rooftop hives remain abuzz—silent reminders that even in the heart of the metropolis, nature finds a way to thrive.

Electric cars are not a 21st-century invention. The first practical EVs emerged in the late 1800s, with models like Thomas Parker’s electric carriage in 1884 and the Flocken Elektrowagen in 1888. By the early 1900s, EVs accounted for a third of U.S. vehicles, prized for their quiet operation and ease of use. However, the mass production of Henry Ford’s Model T (1908) and the discovery of cheap oil reserves shifted the tide toward internal combustion engines (ICE).

The modern revival began in the 1990s with regulatory pushes like California’s Zero-Emission Vehicle mandate. Breakthroughs came with Toyota’s hybrid Prius (1997) and Tesla’s Roadster (2008), which proved EVs could be both high-performing and desirable.

Environmental Benefits: Cleaner Air, Lower Emissions

EVs significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, especially when charged with renewable energy. Unlike ICE vehicles, they produce zero tailpipe emissions, curbing urban air pollution. According to the International Energy Agency, EVs emit 50% less CO2 over their lifespan than conventional cars.

However, their environmental impact depends on electricity sources regions reliant on coal see smaller gains. Transitioning to renewables like wind and solar is critical to maximizing EVs’ eco-benefits.

Technological Advancements: Powering the Future

Battery innovation has seen dramatic improvements, with energy density doubling since 2010. Companies like CATL and Tesla are developing cheaper, longer-lasting batteries, such as Tesla’s 4680 cells. 

Early EVs struggled with 100-mile ranges, but modern models like the Lucid Air now exceed 500 miles. Fast-charging networks, such as Tesla Superchargers, can replenish 80% of a battery in just 20 minutes.

Moreover, EVs are at the forefront of self-driving technology, with companies like Waymo and Tesla integrating AI for safer, smarter mobility. These advancements position EVs not just as sustainable alternatives but as the future of intelligent transportation.

Economic Shifts: Costs, Incentives, and Market Growth

While EVs often have higher upfront costs, they offer long-term savings. With fewer moving parts, maintenance costs are significantly lower, eliminating expenses such as oil changes.

Government incentives, including tax credits, rebates, and grants like those provided under the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act further reduce purchase prices.

Additionally, lithium-ion battery prices have fallen by 89% since 2010, according to BloombergNEF, narrowing the price gap with ICE cars. The global EV market is booming, projected to grow from $388 billion in 2023 to $1.5 trillion by 2030. Traditional automakers such as Ford and Volkswagen are investing billions in electrifying their fleets, while startups like Rivian and BYD disrupt the industry.

Challenges to Overcome

Despite their benefits, EVs face several challenges. Charging infrastructure remains insufficient, especially in rural and developing regions, requiring public-private partnerships for expansion. Battery recycling is another concern, as processes for recovering lithium and cobalt are still underdeveloped, raising questions about resource scarcity and waste management.

Range anxiety persists among consumers, though improving infrastructure and battery technology are mitigating this concern. Furthermore, widespread EV adoption will place additional strain on energy grids, necessitating upgrades and smart charging solutions to balance electricity loads effectively.

The Road Ahead: A Vision for 2030 and Beyond

The future of EVs is bright, with increasing investments in technology, infrastructure, and policy support. As battery technology continues to evolve and renewable energy becomes more widespread, EVs will play a crucial role in reducing carbon footprints and reshaping global transportation. Governments, businesses, and consumers must collaborate to overcome existing challenges and accelerate the transition toward a sustainable, electrified future.

However, traditional educational methods have often been criticized for their one-size-fits-all approach,leaving many students struggling to keep up or feeling disengaged.

In recent years, the rise of artificial intelligence (Al) has revolutionized various sectors, and education is no exception. Al tutors, once a futuristic concept, are now actively shaping the way students learn, offering personalized guidance and support that was previously unimaginable.

The Evolution of Al in Education

The integration of Al into education has been a gradual process, beginning with simple automation tools and evolving into sophisticated Al-driven tutoring systems.

In the past, educators relied on textbooks, lectures, and standardized assessments to teach and evaluate students. While effective to an extent, this approach often failed to cater to individual learning styles and paces.

With the advent of Al, educational institutions and technology companies began developing intelligent tutoring systems capable of analyzing a student's strengths and weaknesses,adapting lesson plans accordingly. These Al tutors are designed to offer real-time feedback,provide customized learning paths, and even predict where a student might struggle before they do. This proactive approach to education is proving to be a game-changer.

How Al Tutors Enhance Learning

One of the most significant advantages of Al tutors is their ability to offer personalized learning experiences. Unlike human instructors, who must divide their attention among multiple students, Al tutors can focus exclusively on each individual, tailoring lessons to suit their unique needs.

Additionally, Al tutors provide instant feedback, helping students understand their mistakes in real time. In traditional classrooms, students often have to wait for teachers to grade assignments before receiving feedback, which can slow down the learning process. Al eliminates this delay, reinforcing concepts immediately and enabling students to correct errors before they become ingrained misunderstandings.

Challenges and Ethical Considerations

Despite their many benefits, Al tutors are not without challenges. One major concern is the potential for reduced human interaction in education. While Al can provide personalized instruction, it cannot fully replicate the social and emotional support that human teachers offer.

Additionally, there are concerns about data privacy and security. Al tutors collect vast amounts of student data to improve their recommendations and performance tracking.

However, if not properly managed, this data could be vulnerable to breaches or misuse. Ensuring that Al-driven education platforms adhere to strict privacy regulations is essential to maintaining student trust and safety.

The Future of Al Tutors in Education

The role of Al tutors in education is expected to grow significantly in the coming years. Advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning will enable Al tutors to become even more sophisticated, capable of engaging in deeper conversations and understanding student emotions. Future Al tutors may incorporate virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) to create immersive learning experiences that bring subjects to life in unprecedented ways.

Conclusion:A New Era in Education

The emergence of Al tutors marks a significant shift in the educational landscape, offering a level of personalization,accessibility,and efficiency that was previously unattainable. While challenges remain, the potential of Al-driven education to transform how knowledge is delivered and acquired is undeniable.

As technology continues to evolve, it is crucial for educators, policymakers, and technology developers to work together to ensure that Al tutors are implemented responsibly and inclusively. By doing so, we can harness the full potential of Al to create a world where every learner-regardless of location or background-has access to high-quality, personalized education.

The future of learning is here, and Al tutors are leading the way.

Many parents and human rights defenders have raised concern about it whereby student leaders from all Kenyan universities have given a warning to the government of Kenya that a big strike is in offing if changes will not be made early in advance.

Kenyans rightfully aspire to quality and accessible education but the current funding system is faulty.

Despite raising critical concerns which are evident as countless students  struggle to access education, bureaucratic red tape has delayed the case hearing within a mention set in November  last year more than two years after a petition was filed for a matter so crucial to the integrity of Kenyan education and system.

Kenyans should know that our education sector took a tragic turn the moment the government introduced a new funding model and started forcing the students to individually apply for loans and scholarships with eligibility determined by the flawed means testing instruments.

The government is trying to categories the students based on their needs. This instrument lacks a scientific basis since my students are needy and yet they end up being in wrong bands something which has led to some students failing to get a chance to university.The problem is so direct that the government has recognized that many students cannot access financial assistance and urged them to report to universities and colleges, promising that they will be able to attend classes. However, this is setting students up for failure.  

University requires the students to register units at the starting of every academic year but this might not happen meaning many students will be barred from attending classes. A big question which is in the minds of many is why the government is discriminating student? Why can't they use normal old funding model which seems to be somehow good but full of delays? However, on December 20 2024 the court declared the funding model unconstitutional. This ruling has left many students wondering as they wait for solution to the funding crisis. Many students say that they were not given any clear guidance which was unfortunate during the time of applications a situation which made them to be placed in wrong bands which could not cater for their school fee needs. The High Court decision has thrown the Higher Education Loans Board (HELB) and the University Fund back to the drawing board as they scramble to figure out next course of action. With the legal challenges unresolved, there are no guarantees that students will receive the financial support they need in time for the new semester.

Student leaders from different universities in the country have given a warning to the government that failure to wipe away the new funding model they will mobilise the students to strike all over the country until the government will respond to their demands with the immediate effect. On top of that the lecturers have issued a warning that they are going for strike in fourteen days time, something which will affect the education in the country.The government is really lacking the procedure to implement their policies.The government seems to have  failed its citizens in implementing their agendas since corruption since is rampant in the country. Misuse of public funds by the government officials is not an issue to be addressed tomorrow.

Despise how important money knowledge is, financial literacy is still missing from many schools' curriculums. Kids learn about history, science and languages, but not how much about managing money?

Usually, it’s left to parents to fill in the gaps. But here’s the problem: many parents don’t feel confident teaching their kids about finances because they never learned it themselves. Relying on social media or online tutorials can be risky because not all financial advice out there is good.National Endorsement for Financial Education (NEFE), reported that less than 25% of high school students feel they are prepared to make financial decisions after graduation. With the rise of credit card offers, peer pressure to pay the latest tech gadgets and social media’s “influencer culture,” it’s no wonder Gen Z are finding themselves financially unprepared.

The Gen Z are growing up in a world very different from what previous generations experienced. Gone are the days of stable, life long careers with company pensions. They face an economy where many are in the gig economy, working past-time or freelance jobs and dealing with student loans. They need to be financially smart if they want to survive and thrive.

They have something earlier generations didn’t –easy access to financial education. Thanks to apps like Mints, Youtube Channels, TikTok financial influencers and platforms like Robinhood, young people now have more ways to learn about money than ever before.The internet can be a gold mine of financial tips. It can also be overwhelming. 

With so much information, it’s hard to know what’s a good advice and what’s just a quick fix. That’s why it’s important to guide young people to reliable sources and teach them how to think critically about money.

-Lack of Education in schools: Despite a growing awareness of the need for personal finance education, many schools do not offer comprehensive courses on financial literacy. -Information Overload:The internet provides vast resources for learning about finance. However, it can also lead to confusion and misinformation. Many Gen Z individuals go to social media platforms like Tiktok and Youtube for advice but may struggle to discern sources from unreliable ones.

-Economic Challenges:The COVID-19 Pandemic has exacerbated financial stress for many in this generation. A study found that 78% of Gen Z reported being personally affected by the pandemic’s economic fallout. This has left them feeling unprepared for achieving financial independence.

To effectively engage Gen Z in learning about finances, innovative approaches must be adopted. They include;

-Utilizing Technology: Digital platforms can make learning about finance more accessible and engaging for tech-savvy young people. Interactive apps that provide budgeting tools or gamified quizzes can enhance their understanding while keeping them engaged.

-Leveraging Social Media: Collaborating with trusted influencers who focus on finance can help disseminate valuable information in formats that resonate with Gen Z. Short videos explaining complex concepts like compound interest or credit scores can capture their attention.

-Tailoring Content: Financial education programs should address topics relevant to Gen Z’s unique circumstances—such as managing student loans or navigating gig economy jobs—to ensure they find value in what they learn.

Parents can set a good example by being open about money matters-teaching their kids how to budget, save and understand the value of money. Schools on the other hand need to make sure they’re teaching more than just the basics. Financial education should be part of the curriculum just like math and science.

Preparing Generation Z for the Future

As we look at the world ahead, it’s clear: financial literacy needs to be a top priority. If we want Gen Z z to succeed and feel confident about their financial future, we have to do more than just give them a credit card or a student loan. We need to make sure they understand how to make smart choices with their money how so they can secure their future.Financial literacy isn’t just about learning how to balance a chequebook or save for a rainy day- it’s about giving the next generation the power to take control of their financial future.

In conclusion, while there are significant gaps in financial literacy among Gen Z, here is hope for improvement through targeted, educational efforts involving parents, educators and innovative digital solutions. By prioritizing comprehensive personal finance education and emerging technology effectively, we can empower this generation with the knowledge they need to achieve long-term financial success.

The purpose of Konza city is to propell Kenya’s technological evolution pioneering one of it’s kind innovation herb in Africa. It’s logo contains an acacia tree depicting savannah and the silicon with an eye on technology ( red circle). Silicon savannah is mirrored after The Silicon valley which is the headquarters of companies like Google, Fintech and even Apple this is because most IT innovations come from there whereby those companies are congregated in one area.

In planning of the city architects relied on innovative technologies that have been used and tested around the globe. For example, the lighting design and building simulation, the solar collection and building technical and electrical equipments were developed ad supplied by Korean companies. In these buildings like the Konza city complex, the architects managed to harmoniously balance innovative high-tech solution and traditional elements. The main building that is the Konza complex is made up of the office block, conference facility and a hotel so that if you come for conferencing you get accommodation services and office space.

When president William Ruto visited back in 2023, he challenged the authorities for not planting trees but from that point they did. More trees are intended to be planted especially on the wildlife corridor where 100 acres have been demarcated for wildlife. Note that it is in the wildlife corridor between Nairobi national park, the Kapiti plains and The Amboseli national park that the Kenyan government is building this flagship project.

Konza city was pitched as a futuristic smart city with very few cars, wide walk pathways and no carbon emissions. The drainage is well catered for such that rainwater will be flowing underground reducing chances of flooding. There is a system that not only cleans the sewer but it recycles it and water that comes out of it is taken back to the city for reuse. Furthermore, a modern solid waste management system consisting of huge network of pipes that are interconnected to main collection point has been put in place. It is a system where by waste is well separated into organic waste, papers, glass or metallics and plastics. Once this smart bins are full the technician will be able to monitor from the system put in place and provide for it’s evacuation to the central collection point.

In Konza city the public transport is separate from public mass transit that is buses and matatus. There is also the district roads in between different buildings. In this city unlike many other African cities you won’t be crossing anywhere anyhow, you must pass at designated places. A visitor in Konza or resident doesn’t need to buy a bike one only needs to go to bike designated points, tap the chip card get the bike and ride to your next destination so you don’t need to wait for matatus. Investors interested in providing leasing bike services will bring the bikes and be able to get some revenue out of it. Every piece of infrastructure has been designed with efficiency in mind.

In this city regular street lights are replaced by smart poles which connect to other internet big devices and provide broad band. It’s a smart pole because it is able to deploy internet connectivity whereby it has got several surveillance cameras. If you are lost you are able to communicate with command center, so the issue of asking people directions then they mislead you has been eliminated. Sensors and data analytics will be utilized to monitor traffic patterns, optimize traffic lights timings, manage energy consumption in buildings and provide real time information to residents through mobile apps. The surveillance system will operate through a network of interconnected cameras seamlessly transmitting data via underground internet cables to state of art data center. This facility designed by Chinese telecommunications powerhouse Huawei technologies power limited ensures both the camera and data storage remains fully integrated for efficient monitoring and security. At least Kenya is the first country in this Eastern Africa region to deploy IOT for smart cities, platforms and digital signage’s that will improve urban way of living.

As an innovative herb, research facilities like universities and a national data center have been modelled on global standards. KAIST ( Kenya Advanced Institute of Science and Technology ) has been put in place but it’s still under construction. Modelled on the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology this institute near completion is the cities anchor facility it will be the center for research and innovation where highly skilled engineers will be manufactured. Basically this is to improve that ecosystem whereby the morning industry, government and academia can interact. Built with a 10 billion investment from South Korean government KAIST will feature 10 cutting edge research science laboratories it will initially feature 6 key departments including mechanical, electrical and electronic, chemical, civil and agricultural engineering. All this together will provide a suitable room for incubation of ideas.

Konza is more than idea, it is a bold step into the future of urban living, it is a setting stage for how technology can bring economic growth, sustainability and innovation.

For years, Chuka has relied on local rivers, boreholes, and small-scale water projects to meet its water needs. However, with the rapid expansion of Chuka University and a booming population, these sources are no longer sufficient. Initially designed to serve just a few hundred people, local water schemes such as the Ndagani KK Mwendwa Water Association are now stretched to their limits, supplying over 25,000 residents, including students. The overwhelming demand has resulted in persistent shortages, forcing many to seek alternative sources.

For university students, the situation is particularly dire. Many find themselves waking up in the early hours of the morning or walking long distances to fetch water from rivers such as Tungu. Others rely on rainwater harvesting, though this is unreliable, especially during dry seasons. Some hostel owners have resorted to trucking in water, significantly increasing the cost of living for students. The fear of disease outbreaks looms large as sanitation suffers, with cases of typhoid and other waterborne diseases frequently reported.

Beyond the town, environmental destruction has worsened the crisis. Riverbanks that once flourished with natural vegetation have been cleared for agriculture, reducing the volume of water flowing into local streams. The drying up of rivers such as Naka has fueled tensions between different communities, particularly between Chuka farmers and Tharaka herders. In some instances, disputes over water access have escalated into violent clashes, leading to injuries and loss of livestock.

Health concerns arising from water scarcity are a growing worry among residents. Many households, unable to access clean water, turn to unsafe sources, exposing themselves to cholera, dysentery, and other diseases. Women and children bear the brunt of the crisis, as they are often responsible for fetching water. The long distances they travel not only endanger their health but also take time away from school and economic activities.

The economic impact of water shortages is equally significant. Traders at Chuka’s open-air market have suffered losses due to flooding caused by poor drainage systems. Dirty and stagnant water pooling in market spaces creates a breeding ground for diseases and discourages customers, hurting local businesses. Additionally, industries and businesses that depend on a steady water supply find themselves struggling to sustain operations, leading to reduced productivity and economic downturns.

Despite these challenges, efforts are being made to address the crisis. In 2020, the Tana Water Works Development Agency launched the Chuka Water Supply Project, aimed at constructing intake works at Ruguti River, upgrading treatment facilities, and improving distribution networks. If successfully implemented, the project is expected to benefit over 140,000 people. However, progress has been slow, and many residents remain skeptical about whether the improvements will come soon enough to make a real difference.

The water crisis in Chuka is a reflection of a broader issue affecting many parts of Kenya, where population growth, environmental degradation, and poor infrastructure combine to create significant challenges. For Chuka residents, the daily struggle for water is more than an inconvenience—it is a matter of survival. Until sustainable solutions are fully realized, the people of Chuka will continue to live in uncertainty, hoping that one day, the taps will flow consistently and cleanly once more.

Speaking during Embu Agricultural Show held at Njukiri Showground, they highlighted that integrating livestock farming not only provides dairy and meat products but also supplies the necessary raw materials for biogas production.

Victoria Wanja Njagi, representing HomeBiogas, emphasized the manifold benefits of biogas over traditional fuels like firewood. She noted that biogas is a clean, efficient, and health-friendly alternative, free from the respiratory risks associated with firewood smoke. "Biogas is a game-changer. It’s clean, cost-effective, and a sustainable solution to reducing reliance on firewood," she stated.

The Embu Agricultural Show, organized by the Agricultural Society of Kenya (ASK), serves as a pivotal platform for introducing innovative agricultural practices and technologies.The show attracted over 60 exhibitors from various sectors, including agriculture, manufacturing, and education.

HomeBiogas's participation underscored the importance of sustainable energy solutions in modern farming. Their exhibition not only showcased the practical applications of biogas systems but also engaged directly with dairy farmers, fostering awareness and interest in renewable energy.

The benefits of adopting biogas technology are substantial. Households can replace up to 4.5 tons of wood fuel annually, reducing carbon dioxide [CO₂] emissions by approximately 6.75 tons. This transition not only contributes to environmental conservation but also offers economic advantages, saving families around $25 (KSh.3,223) monthly. Additionally, the time saved—estimated at 45.5 hours per week—from not collecting firewood allows individuals to engage in other income-generating activities.

Moreover, the by-product of biogas production, known as digestate, serves as a natural fertilizer. This enhances soil fertility, improves water retention, and reduces erosion, thereby diminishing the reliance on chemical fertilizers.

The Kenyan government, in its pursuit of Vision 2030, actively encourages the adoption of renewable energy sources like biogas. Initiatives such as the Kenya National Domestic Biogas Program (KENDBIP), funded by the Netherlands’ Ministry of Foreign Affairs, aim to develop a commercially viable biogas sector in the country.

However, challenges persist. The initial investment for biogas systems can be a barrier for low-income households. Addressing this, organizations like HomeBiogas are striving to make these systems more affordable and accessible, ensuring that more communities can reap the environmental and economic benefits of biogas technology.

This unemployment rate not only threatens their financial stability but also has far-reaching social and psychological consequences. This article explores the root cause of youth unemployment in Kenya and its impact on comrades and potential solutions that could help curb this growing crisis.

Kenya’s booming youth population with shrinking job market is one of the major causes of high unemployment.Kenya has a rapidly expanding population with youth making up the majority. However, economic growth has not kept pace with population growth.Despite rapid expanding population, economic growth has not kept pace with population growth, leading to an oversupply of job seekers, with limited job openings.

Many graduates are left struggling to find work.

The Kenyan education system places heavy emphasis on theory rather than practical skills. As a result, many graduates lack the technical expertise or hands-on experience required by employers. Industries are evolving rapidly, but university curricula often fail to keep up, leaving many comrades ill-equipped for available jobs.

Moreover, the job market in Kenya is tainted by nepotism, where employment opportunities are often secured through personal connections rather than merit. Those who cannot afford bribes or who lack influential networks find     themselves sidelined, regardless of their qualifications.

While entrepreneurship is often promoted as a solution to unemployment, many young people face barriers such as lack of capital, bureaucratic red tape, and high taxation. Without adequate support systems, most startups struggle to survive, discouraging youths from pursuing self-employment.

Lastly, Kenya’s economy has been hit by inflation, rising cost of living, and a slowdown in business growth. Many companies are downsizing or freezing hiring, worsening the unemployment crisis.

As a result of the high rate of unemployment, Kenya’s youths and comrades face many challenges, including mental health struggles. Unemployment breeds frustration, anxiety, and depression among young people who had high hopes for a better future. The uncertainty of finding stable employment takes a toll on their mental well-being.

High unemployment rates have also led to crime and substance abuse. Some unemployed comrades resort to illegal activities such as cybercrime, theft, or drug trafficking. Others also turn to substance abuse as a coping mechanism for stress and disappointment. 

MANY unemployed graduates continue to rely on their parents for financial support. This dependence can strain family resources and lead to feelings of hopelessness and shame.

Due to lack of opportunities, many skilled young Kenyans seek jobs abroad. Countries such as Canada, the U.S., and Australia attract Kenyan graduates, leading to a loss of talent that could contribute to national development.

Delayed life goals also come as a result of unemployment. Without a stable income, many youths postpone key life decisions such as marriage or buying a home. This delay has long-term social and economic implications.

Addressing Kenya’s high unemployment rate requires a strategic and multi-sectoral approach that fosters job creation, skills development, and economic growth. The education system should evolve to align with market demand, equipping graduates with practical skills that enhance employability. Encouraging entrepreneurship through financial support, mentorship, and reduced bureaucratic barriers can empower young people to create their own opportunities.

Additionally, industrialization and investment in key sectors such as technology, manufacturing, and agriculture can generate more openings. Transparent and merit-based hiring processes are essential in ensuring equal access to employment, while expanding internship and apprenticeship programs will provide young people with the necessary experience to compete in the job market. 

A collaborative effort between the government, private sector, and academic institutions is critical in developing sustainable employment solutions and securing a brighter future for Kenya’s youths.

Expanding access to vocational and technical training can help bridge the skills gap by equipping young people with practical expertise that aligns with industry.

Strengthening support for small and medium-sized enterprises through tax incentives, affordable credit, and business incubation programs can encourage job creation and economic growth. Additionally, investing in digital innovation and remote work opportunities can open up new employment avenues, particularly in the global gig economy. By implementing these measures alongside initiatives to curb corruption and streamline business regulations, Kenya can create a more dynamic and inclusive job market for its growing workforce.

This isn't just a local story-it's a national crisis. Across the country, hundreds of local newspapers have shut down, leaving communities without a reliable source of news. As the media landscape evolves, the question remains: Can local journalism survive? The rapid decline of traditional newsrooms has been fueled by several factors,ranging from technological disruptions to shifts in consumer behavior.

One of the most pressing issues is the Digital shift. With the advent of the internet and social media, people are consuming news differently than before. Instead of buying a newspaper or watching scheduled news broadcasts, they now rely on real-time updates on platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube.

This has forced local news organizations to adapt quickly, often struggling to keep pace with rapidly changing digital trends.

Another major hurdle is Advertising revenue loss. Historically, local newspapers depended on advertising from local businesses to stay afloat. However, the dominance of tech giants such as Google and Facebook has diverted ad revenue away from traditional publications. According to a 2022 report by the Local News Initiative, over 80% of digital ad spending now goes to these major platforms, leaving local newspapers with a fraction of the revenue they once enjoyed.

Compounding the problem is misinformation and declining trust in media outlets. With an overwhelming flood of unverified news on social media, many readers struggle to differentiate between credible journalism and misleading content. This not only damages the reputation of legitimate news organizations but also reduces reaadership, as people grow skeptical of all news sources. Studies have shown that misinformation spreads six times faster than factual news on social media platforms, making it even more difficult for local news organizations to compete.

Additionally, changing reader habits have contributed to the decline. Younger generations are less likely to subscribe to newspapers or even visit dedicated news websites. Instead, they consume information in bite-sized formats, often through social media influencers or entertainment platforms like TikTok. This shift forces traditional newsrooms to reconsider how they present stories in a way that engages modern audiences.

According to a 2023 study by the Pew Research Center, over 2,500 newspapers in the U.S. have shut down their operations since 2004, leading to the emergence of "news deserts"-regions with little to no access to credible local reporting. These areas suffer from a lack of transparency, as there are fewer journalists to cover local government, businesses, and social issues.

The consequences of this decline are alarming. Without investigative journalism, instances of corruption and abuse of power can go unnoticed. A 2021 study found that in areas where local newspapers shut down, public spending increased by 5% due to a lack of media oversight on government budgets. Moreover, studies have shown that areas without strong local journalism experience lower voter turnout, decreased civic engagement,and a rise in misinformation. 

Local news plays a critical role in holding leaders accountable and ensuring that communities remain informed and engaged.

Despite these challenges, some locaI news organizations are finding innovative ways to survive:

Many newspapers are investing in their online platforms, offering digital subscriptions, newsletters, and interactive content. The Standard newspaper, for example, has shifted its focus to digital journalism, building a strong subscriber base through its online portal.

Some newsrooms have turned to nonprofit models and crowdfunding. This approach ensures that reporting remains independent and focused on community needs rather than corporate influence. The Texas Tribune is a successful example of a nonprofit newsroom that has thrived through reader contributions and partnerships.Another example is the Guardian, which operates on a membership model, allowing readers to support the publication without paywalls.

Smaller newsrooms are increasingly teaming up with larger media organizations and tech platforms to secure funding, share resources, and expand their reach. For instance, ProPublica collaborates with local news outlets to produce in-depth investigative reports that might otherwise go unnoticed. Some local newsrooms have also partnered with universities, using journalism students to help with reporting while giving them hands-on experience.

Some struggling newspapers have found success by focusing on hyperlocal content-news that directly impacts a small, targeted community. By covering neighborhood-level issues, school board meetings, and local elections, these outlets provide a type of journalism that larger media houses often overlook. Additionally,niche journalism, such as publications focused on business, agriculture, or cultural affairs, is gaining traction among dedicated readers.

The future of local journalism may look different, but it is far from dead. Many experts believe that a combination of Subscription-based models, nonprofit funding, and AI-assisted journalism will help media outlets remain sustainable. AI-driven automation is already helping some newsrooms analyze data and generate reports more efficiently, allowing journalists to focus on in-depth storytelling.

However, financial sustainability alone is not enough. Local journalism thrives when communities recognize its value and actively support it. Subscriptions, donations, and even simple acts like sharing credible news stories can make a significant impact. If people do not invest in quality journalism, the decline of local newsrooms will continue.

Local journalism needs a sustainable future, and that starts with rethinking its value in society. It is not just a business but a public good that fosters informed communities. Without reliable local news, misinformation and disengagement grow.

The role of digital transformation is undeniable, but the essence of journalism must remain intact.

News organizations must balance technological advancements with ethical reporting, ensuring that accuracy and integrity are never compromised.

Ultimately, the survival of local journalism depends on both innovation and support from the very communities it serves. The responsibility faIls on governments, businesses, and most importantly, the readers, to recognize and uphold the importance of local journalism in a democratic society.

The decline of local newsrooms is not just a problem for journalists-it is a societal issue that affects democracy, accountability, and community cohesion. Governments can play a role by offering tax incentives to support nonprofit newsrooms, while businesses can help by advertising in local publications rather than relying solely on digital giants.

Educational institutions should also incorporate media literacy programs to help readers distinguish between credible journalism and misinformation.

Readers, too, have a vital role. By subscribing to local newspapers, donating to nonprofit newsrooms,and sharing well-researched articles, individuals can help sustain the industry. Communities that value and support their local press will continue to have access to reliable information, ensuring that their voices are heard and their leaders are held accountable.

Local journalism may be evolving, but it is not obsolete. Its survival depends on a collective effort to recognize its value and actively invest in its future.

Chuka University, which began as a campus of the Egerton University in 2004, has been the key driver of development in Ndagani. It was elevated to a university college in 2007 before being granted full charter status in 2013 by then-President Mwai Kibaki. Since then, the institution has attracted thousands of students, faculty, and staff, sparking an economic boom.

“The presence of the university has changed everything. We have more businesses, better infrastructure, and greater opportunities for our youth,” said Joseph Mwiti, a longtime resident and businessman in Ndagani.

The influx of students has created a high demand for rental housing, food, and transport services, leading to the establishment of hostels, restaurants, and retail shops. Local traders have significantly benefited from the growing population, with small businesses thriving due to increased purchasing power.

To accommodate the university’s rapid expansion, the area has seen major infrastructure improvements. Roads have been upgraded, electricity supply expanded, water and sanitation systems enhanced.

Recognizing the need for improved security and administration, Chuka University recently launched a KSh 27 million complex housing a chief’s camp and a police post. Local leaders say this has improved law enforcement and service delivery, benefiting both students and residents.

“We now feel safer, and administrative services are more accessible,” said Mary Nkirote, a shop owner in Ndagani.

The university’s presence has also elevated the education standards in the region. Local schools have benefited from university partnerships, teacher training programs, and outreach initiatives aimed at supporting primary and secondary education.

Additionally, job opportunities have increased, with many locals securing employment at the university as administrative staff, security personnel and service providers.

“The university has given us opportunities that were not there before. Many of us have found employment, and our businesses are thriving,” said Peter Mutugi, a boda boda rider who transports students daily.

Despite the economic benefits, rapid urbanization has also brought challenges. The high demand for housing has driven up rental prices, making accommodation expensive for both students and residents. Additionally, agricultural land is increasingly being converted into commercial and residential developments, raising concerns about food security and land use planning.

“The town is growing fast, and while that’s good, we need proper planning to ensure we don’t lose too much of our farming land,” said Ruth Karimi, a local farmer.

To sustain this growth, Chuka University has been actively engaging in community development projects. The institution recently donated 100 acres of land to the Tharaka Nithi county government for the establishment of an industrial park, which is expected to create more jobs and further stimulate economic activity.

“We want to ensure that our presence continues to benefit the community, not just in education but in economic empowerment as well,” said a university spokesperson.

As Chuka University continues to expand, the story of Ndagani serves as a testament to how education can be a powerful catalyst for regional development. The transformation from a quiet village to a bustling commercial and educational centre highlights the university’s role in shaping the future of Tharaka Nithi County and the country too.

Due to the technological advancements, people are making it  online  at the comfort of  their homes or workplaces only with the access of a smart phones and  computer devices. This  has helped most of them to earn a living.

Digital literacy is seen to influence career paths as it has created a platform where every person with a degree or not  can  earn a living by only creating content online. Some of the  platforms include; TikTok , X , Instagram and YouTube. This is not all as even those with high career profiles have upheld the notion of digital literacy.

No limitations are put in place with regard to age, gender, education level, race,tribe and religion for one to earn through  these  platforms.

Another significant improvement is the incorporation of  digital  literacy programmes to the education sector  which will not only prepare students for a digitalized world  but also mark a significant impact to the economy of the country through various dimensions. Many people  are finding it easier to create content by uploading videos and making skits as the easiest possible way of  generating income in  their career paths and opportunities.

All these projects a picture of how  the world will look like in year 2030. It will be more of digitalization  basically in all sectors. They education, health, social services and nutrition. 

One of the major importance of digitalization   is that work will be made easier  and only less or no effort will be required.  Unemployment which has been a major challenge for the developing countries will be  reduced as many youths are finding their way to the  digital world. The economy will improve as a result of the taxes payed by the youths from their income. We are looking forward to a  digitalized economy.

Male goat/nthenge 

Large-11000

Medium-7000

Small-3500

Female goat/muoma

Large-6500

Medium-4500

Small-3000

Dated:March 13, 2025