Human health and economies are also at risk from invasive species.The impact of invasive species on our natural ecosystems and economy costs billions of dollars each year. Many of our commercial, agricultural and recreational activities depend on healthy native ecosystems.

A species is considered “invasive” when it is introduced to a new environment and causes significant harm to that ecosystem. It can be any kind of living organism – a non-native plant, an amphibian (like the cane toad), an insect, animals, fungus, bacteria, or even an organism’s seeds or eggs that is not native to an ecosystem and causes harm.

Invasive species can outcompete native species for resources, such as food and water. They can also prey on native species, or introduce diseases that native species are not immune to. This can lead to the decline and extinction of native species. 

Invasive species can also alter the physical environment in ways that harm native wildlife. For example, they can change the structure of forests, or introduce new pollutants into water bodies.

Invasive species are primarily spread by human activities. Often, unintentionally, people and the goods we use travel around the world very quickly, carrying uninvited species with them. Ships can carry aquatic organisms in their ballast water, while smaller boats may carry them on their propellers. Insects can get into wood, shipping palettes and crates that are shipped around the world. 

In addition, higher average temperatures and changes in rain and snow patterns caused by climate change will enable some invasive plant species such as garlic mustard, kudzu and purple loosestrife to move into new areas. Insect pest infestations will be more severe as pests such as mountain pine beetle are able to take advantage of drought weakened plants.

A stark example of how invasive species spread and the resulting devastation can be seen with the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in Kenya. Initially introduced as an ornamental plant, this rapidly reproducing aquatic menace demonstrates the ease with which non-native species can establish themselves and proliferate. Its spread across Lake Victoria, chocking vast swathes of the water, and its encroachment into irrigation canals and rivers highlights how human activities, such as the introduction of non-native species for aesthetic purposes, can inadvertently trigger ecological disasters. This case vividly illustrates the mechanisms of invasive species spread, from initial introduction to rapid proliferation, and the subsequent disruption of ecosystems and livelihoods. 

A silent war is reshaping our planet’s ecosystems, fought with the insidious spread of invasive species. These biological invaders are pushing native wildlife to extinction, from coral reefs to African savannahs.

The introduction of the Argentine ant, for instance, has disrupted native ant populations, crucial food sources for various reptiles and birds. 

In areas like the Tsavo National Park, this disruption can lead to a decline in native insectivores, as their primary food source is outcompeted.

Furthermore, invasive plants like Prosopis juliflora, known locally as ‘Mathenge’, outcompete native grasses and shrubs, reducing grazing areas for herbivores like zebras and gazelles. This alteration in vegetation cover not only impacts herbivore populations but also affects the predators that rely on them, creating a cascading effect throughout the ecosystem. 

Preventing invasive species introductions is paramount. Once established, these invaders wreak havoc on ecosystems, driving native wildlife to extinction and costing billions in control efforts. Through strict biosecurity measures, public awareness, and careful import regulations, prevention is far more effective and cost-efficient than eradication. Every introduction carries risk; a seemingly harmless plant or pet can trigger ecological disaster. Prioritizing prevention is our fundamental responsibility to protect the planet’s natural heritage.  

If you see invasive species, you should report it to the appropriate authorities. You can also help them to control invasive species by removing them from your property and volunteering to help with eradication efforts. We can all do our part to help prevent the introduction of invasive species and to control those that are already here.

While it is most commonly diagnosed in children, many adults continue to experience its challenges, often without realizing that ADHD is the underlying cause of their struggles.

ADHD is characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning. While occasional distraction and restlessness are common in everyone, individuals with ADHD experience these symptoms at a much higher intensity, making it difficult to stay organized, complete tasks, or manage their emotions effectively.

There are three main types of ADHD. The inattentive type is marked by difficulty focusing, forgetfulness, and trouble following through with tasks. People with this form of ADHD often lose things, struggle with organization, and may appear absent-minded.

 The hyperactive-impulsive type is characterized by excessive movement, impulsive decision-making, and difficulty waiting for one’s turn. Individuals with this type may talk excessively, interrupt others, or act without thinking. The combined type, which is the most common, includes symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, making daily life even more challenging.

One of the biggest myths about ADHD is that it only affects children. While symptoms often emerge in childhood, many individuals continue to experience them well into adulthood. However, because hyperactivity may become less visible with age, many adults go undiagnosed. Instead of running around or fidgeting constantly, they may struggle with inner restlessness, chronic procrastination, difficulty managing responsibilities, and impulsive behaviours that affect their work or personal life.

Another misconception is that ADHD is simply a result of laziness or a lack of discipline. In reality, ADHD is linked to differences in brain function, particularly in areas responsible for impulse control, focus, and executive functioning. People with ADHD often want to complete tasks but find it difficult to structure their time and attention effectively. This is not due to a lack of effort but rather a neurological condition that requires proper support and management.

Many adults with ADHD remain undiagnosed because their symptoms are mistaken for personality traits or bad habits. They may be labeled as careless, forgetful, or irresponsible without realizing that their struggles stem from a medical condition.

Unlike children, adults with ADHD may not display obvious hyperactivity, but they often battle chronic disorganization, difficulty prioritizing tasks, impulsive spending, or trouble maintaining relationships.

These challenges can have long-term consequences, especially in professional settings. Many adults with ADHD struggle with meeting deadlines, switching jobs frequently, or feeling overwhelmed by work responsibilities. At home, they may forget important dates, leave household chores unfinished, or experience conflicts due to impulsive behaviour.

Despite these struggles, ADHD also brings unique strengths. Many individuals with the condition are highly creative, energetic, and able to think outside the box. Their ability to hyper-focus on tasks they find interesting allows them to excel in certain careers, particularly in dynamic fields that require innovation and quick thinking.

Although there is no cure for ADHD, there are various ways to manage its symptoms and improve daily functioning. Medication is one of the most common treatments, with stimulant and non-stimulant options available to help regulate attention and impulse control. However, medication is not a one-size-fits-all solution, and many individuals benefit from behavioral therapy, which helps them develop coping mechanisms and better time management skills.

Lifestyle changes also play a crucial role in managing ADHD. Regular physical exercise has been shown to improve focus and reduce impulsivity, as it helps regulate dopamine levels in the brain. A structured daily routine, including the use of planners, reminders, and to-do lists, can help individuals stay on top of their tasks. Additionally, mindfulness and meditation techniques have been found to improve concentration and reduce stress, allowing individuals with ADHD to regain control over their thoughts and actions.

Understanding ADHD is essential for creating a more inclusive and supportive society. In educational settings, children with ADHD need patience and tailored learning strategies rather than punishment for behaviors beyond their control. Teachers and parents should focus on structured guidance and positive reinforcement to help these children succeed academically and socially.

In the workplace, employers should recognize that individuals with ADHD bring unique strengths to the table. They thrive in fast-paced environments and excel in roles that require creativity, problem-solving, and adaptability. Instead of viewing ADHD as a limitation, workplaces can implement strategies to help employees manage their challenges while capitalizing on their strengths.

Beyond schools and workplaces, society as a whole must work toward reducing the stigma surrounding ADHD. Many individuals feel ashamed or frustrated by their struggles, believing they are simply not trying hard enough. By fostering awareness and understanding, we can create an environment where people with ADHD feel empowered rather than discouraged.

ADHD is more than just being easily distracted or hyperactive. It is a neurological condition that affects people in diverse ways, presenting both challenges and strengths. While ADHD can make daily life difficult, proper management strategies, support systems, and awareness can help individuals navigate their struggles successfully.

Instead of viewing ADHD as a setback, society should embrace the unique abilities and perspectives that individuals with ADHD bring to the world. By shifting the focus from stigma to empowerment, we can ensure that those with ADHD are given the tools they need to reach their full potential.

Why do people love throwbacks? Old school fashion evokes special past feelings that can relate to present experiences. Sources such as old magazines, family photo albums and majorly social media platforms such as Pinterest have played a major role in familiarizing of the old fashion to the new generations whom were not yet born during the fashion era. 

This has helped reshape how we think about fashion and style celebrating and empowering the diversity that makes us uniquely humans.

Vivienne Westhood once said that buying fewer clothes and choosing pieces you truly love is a mark of status and personal style. 

The 1950s fashion trends like the cat-eye glasses neck scalf, bell bottoms, high waisted shorts and pencil skirts have been styled up becoming the hottest trends. 

Designers are coming up with unique styles that bring the aesthetics of the old fashion. Most individuals are prioritizing combining both new and old thus creating a more advanced and non- discriminative taste.

This has created more fascinating fashion brands that can be worn by both old and young.

In honor of fashion, many events are currently focused on old fashion. This brings the nostalgic feeling within the community. Coming together to commemorate fashion brings about an automated love towards the taste. The fact that old fashion is being adopted by large numbers makes it more cherished.

Old school outfits bear unique craftsmanship that stand the test of time. Outfits such as leather jackets bear a permanent elegance of timelessness. The outfits bear flexibility that allows them to be re-designed rather than be combined with current fashion trends.

Vintage outfits are ecofriendly since one doesn’t have to dispose an outfit due to them being outdated. Fashion enthusiasts are not advised to dispose their old clothes for they don’t know when they will regain their prime.

Old school fashion enables an individual to stand out in a society of mass production. This enables them to express their unique tastes thus increasing their esteems. 

Higher quality fabric was used in making old school clothing. Current clothing bear low quality fabric, this is evident throughout jeans and leather garment production. This therefore motivates individuals to opt for old school clothing, where they can find value of their money.

As a fashion enthusiast, it’s not advisable to dispose old clothes since fashion keeps on repeating itself.

This article aims to shed  light on the growing problem of street children and the efforts being made to address it.

The rise in street children can be attributed to several interrelated factors. Poverty stands as a primary reason, forcing families to make difficult decisions due to economic hardships.

 Inadequate access to education, healthcare, and basic necessities also play a significant role in pushing children onto the streets.

 Additionally, broken families, domestic violence, and substance abuse contribute to the vulnerability of children, leaving them with no choice but to fend for themselves in harsh conditions.

The impact of conflicts and natural disasters exacerbates the situation, displacing families and leaving children orphaned or separated from their caregivers. Lack of social support systems and protective measures further compounds the problem, exposing children to risks of exploitation, abuse, and neglect while living on the streets.

Efforts to address the issue of street children must encompass a holistic approach. Providing access to education, healthcare, shelter, and social services is crucial to safeguarding the well-being of these vulnerable children.

Strengthening family support systems, implementing policies to combat poverty, and creating safe spaces for rehabilitation and reintegration are essential steps towards mitigating the root causes of children living on the streets.

The consequences of living on the streets are severe and far-reaching.Street children are at a higher risk of physical and sexual abuse, exploitation, and involvement in criminal activities.They also face health problems, including malnutrition, respiratory infections,and skin diseases,due to adequate access to healthcare and poor living conditions.

Community involvement and collaboration among government agencies, non-profit organizations, and civil society are paramount in addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by street children.

By fostering a collective responsibility towards the welfare of these children, we can work together to create a more inclusive and protective environment for the most marginalized members of our society.

The increase in street children poses a significant humanitarian concern that requires immediate action and sustained intervention. Understanding the complex factors driving children to the streets and implementing comprehensive strategies to support their well-being are imperative in breaking the cycle of vulnerability and providing a brighter future for these children. By coming together as a community and advocating for the rights and protection of street children, we can make a tangible difference in their lives and ensure that every child has the opportunity to thrive in a safe and nurturing environment.

Recent reports indicate a worrying rise in domestic violence across the country, affecting men, women, and children alike. What is fueling this surge, and what can be done to break the cycle of violence?

Domestic violence in Kenya has long existed, but recent years have seen a disturbing spike. According to reports from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) and the Gender Violence Recovery Centre (GVRC), cases of intimate partner violence have increased significantly. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the fragility of many households, with financial struggles and prolonged confinement escalating tensions, leading to increased reports of domestic abuse.

Domestic violence is not just physical abuse. It takes many forms, including:

-Physical abuse. Assault, battery, and severe beatings that often lead to injuries or even death.

-Emotional and psychological abuse – Verbal insults, intimidation, and manipulation that leave victims feeling worthless and trapped.

-Sexual violence – Marital rape and forced sexual acts, which remain difficult to report due to societal stigma.

-Economic abuse – Financial control, where one partner denies the other access to resources, leaving them dependent and powerless.

Unemployment and financial struggles are some of the biggest triggers of domestic conflicts. When providers cannot meet family needs, frustration often turns into aggression. The post-pandemic economic downturn and rising cost of living have worsened the situation, leading to increased domestic disputes.

Deep-seated patriarchal beliefs in Kenya often normalize gender-based violence. In many communities, women are expected to be submissive, and reporting abuse is seen as bringing shame to the family. Some men also face abuse but rarely speak up due to fear of ridicule.

Alcohol and drug abuse have been linked to many cases of domestic violence. Intoxication lowers inhibitions, making perpetrators more likely to resort to violence during conflicts. Many victims report that their abusers were under the influence when incidents occurred.

While Kenya has strong laws against domestic violence, including the Protection Against Domestic Violence Act (2015), enforcement remains weak. Many victims hesitate to report cases due to fear of retaliation, slow legal processes, or lack of confidence in the police and judicial system.

Many abusers come from backgrounds where violence was normalized. Children who grow up witnessing domestic abuse often become perpetrators or victims themselves, continuing the cycle into adulthood.

Many victims, especially women, stay in abusive relationships due to fear, lack of financial independence, or concern for their children. However, prolonged abuse often leads to separation, leaving children in unstable environments.

Victims of domestic violence suffer from anxiety, depression, PTSD, and low self-esteem. Many live in constant fear, afraid to speak out or seek help.

The most tragic outcome of domestic violence is death. In recent years, Kenya has seen an increase in cases where domestic disputes turn fatal, with partners killing each other in fits of rage.

Domestic violence reduces productivity as victims struggle to function at work or school. It also burdens healthcare systems with cases of physical and psychological trauma.

The fight against domestic violence requires collective action from individuals, communities, and the government.

Authorities must ensure that domestic violence laws are not just on paper but actively enforced. The police need better training to handle cases sensitively, and courts must prioritize justice for victims.

More shelters and crisis centres should be established to offer victims a way out. Many abused individuals stay because they have nowhere else to go. Support systems like counseling and financial assistance can help them rebuild their lives.

Communities must challenge harmful traditions that normalize abuse. Religious and cultural leaders should speak out against domestic violence, encouraging victims to seek help rather than suffer in silence.

Both victims and perpetrators need access to counseling. Perpetrators, especially those with anger issues or past trauma, should be rehabilitated to prevent repeat offenses.

Many victims, especially women, stay in abusive relationships because they lack financial independence. Economic empowerment programs, such as vocational training and microfinance initiatives, can help them gain stability and escape abusive situations.

The government and non-governmental organizations should invest in public awareness campaigns. Educating people about their rights, the dangers of domestic violence, and where to seek help can encourage more victims to come forward.

The rise of domestic violence in Kenya is a crisis that can no longer be ignored. While progress has been made in creating laws to protect victims, more needs to be done to ensure that justice is served and that those suffering in silence find a way out.

Domestic violence is not a private issue—it is a societal problem that affects everyone. Breaking the cycle requires collective effort, from government intervention to cultural change and community support. Until every home is a place of safety and not fear, the fight against domestic violence must continue.